yes you can. However, specifically for unemployment benefits i.e. the monthly payments made to you, one of the requirements to apply is an employment authorization because for certain unemployment benefits, you'll need to show proof that you are able to get a job and return back to work... This is a way the government minimizes "liabilities" i.e. not wanting people to solely rely on unemployment benefits. You get me? Nonetheless, I'll advise you to make a quick Google search on the eligibilities depending on the state you're in. Cheers.

@mike r I will advice you should not. By law you are not entitled to these benefits as you are not a permanent resident or us citizen. Also this may come back and bite you in the behind when it's time to interview for GC or when you apply for US citizenship. One of the criteria of getting GC is that you are not dependent on the govt, and taking these benefits implies you are a burden to the US govt. Can you try and look for other positions?

@mike r You need to be very careful. You are not eligible for government benefits. Your i485 is still pending. You can seek the advice of an attorney on these issues.

medical is not a public charge

I don't know if you're in California, but California emergency medi-cal only doesn't even communicate with USCIS since California law prohibits so, however you will only have emergency care(E.R). but if you apply for the full coverage medical(the federally funded one) where you can make appointments with doctors and have emergency care, in this case they will check for your status with USCIS, which may not be a problem after all since it's not public charge(now). I would consult with an immigration attorney in your state , regardless

Hi @mike r it is not public charged for medical but for the unemployment benefits I don’t have any idea to be honest