As far as I know, you are required to be in the U.S. at the time of filing your application. But I am not aware of any rules that require you to stay in the US while waiting. But definitely check with a DSO if you are J2.

the moment you leave the country without USCIS authorization, your case will be automatically rejected. you should go apply for AP

Michael, is this written anywhere on USCIS website? and what is AP? thanks and thanks Katya

But you said you are c5 which means you have J-2 visa. So, you are not requesting EAD to stay in the country or enter the country. Therefore it feels like it shouldn’t be required for this particular case? I’m just speculating though.

Yes Katya, correct. this is the reason I asked Michael for a reference on the USCIS website, I never heard that before regarding my J2 status

wow that would be great, thank you so much!

Hi, I'm in a similar position (also a J2 visa holder and filed for an EAD). I am also considering international travel for family reasons, and wondered if you went ahead in the end/what advice you received? I asked the international office for my husband's employer and they gave a very brief answer of "it should be ok as long as I have the receipt notice" (which I do), but would love to hear from someone who had done it as well! Unlike Green Card applicants I can't see anything about needing Advance Parole for our category.